• Oxidative stress has recently been reported

  2024-12-07

  

  Oxidative stress has recently been reported as one of the important mechanisms of toxic effect of Cd2+[43]. The mechanism of Cd2+-induced oxidative stress involves an imbalance between generation and removal of ROS in tissues and cellular components, causing damage to membranes, DNA, and proteins [4

• The difficulty of characterizing nAChRs in the

  2024-12-06

  

  The difficulty of characterizing nAChRs in the central nervous system is also exemplified by early observations that nicotine caused no detectable effect when applied on a brain slice and it is only with the focal and high time resolution of more recent experiments that the effects of nicotinic neur

• CK is considered a central controller of cellular

  2024-12-06

  

  CK is considered a central controller of cellular energy homeostasis that catalyzes the reversible transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and creatine to produce PCr [5]. This enzyme builds up a large pool of rapidly diffusing PCr for temporal and spatial buffering of

• Upregulation of ACLY is common

  2024-12-06

  

  Upregulation of ACLY is common in many cancers (Kuhajda, 2000, Milgraum et al., 1997, Swinnen et al., 2004, Yahagi et al., 2005). This is in part due to the transcriptional activation by SREBP-1 resulting from the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers (Kim et al., 2010, Nadler et al., 2001,

• br Author contributions br Acknowledgments TJC

  2024-12-06

  

  Author contributions Acknowledgments TJC, KW, and VG are supported by awards made to MJN: a Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council under Grant no. 311336; a University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society, and a Career Development Award from the Human Frontiers Science Pro

• The first result of this

  2024-12-02

  

  The first result of this paper is parallel to the positivity result given in [16]: Here the definition of approximate ACHE metric is the same as in [18]. See Definition 1 for details. The second result of this paper is parallel to the fluoxetine hydrochloride extension formulae given in [2]. In p

• Until now five muscarinic receptor M

  2024-12-02

  

  Until now, five muscarinic receptor (M1-5) genes have been cloned, but, M1-3 receptors are functionally recognized in the lungs. Smooth muscle contraction is mainly mediated by M3. M2 may also participate in the contraction via Gi protein which leads to a decrease in cAMP. On the other hand, M2 is l

• It has been reported that HT R involves

  2024-12-02

  

  It has been reported that 5-HT2R involves in type 2 diabetes mellitus and 5-HT-induced IR [22,23]. The present study also demonstrated that it is 5-HT2R rather than other 5-HT receptors, including 5-HT1BR and 5-HT7R, in the liver that mediates HFD-induced abnormality of hepatic lipid metabolism, and

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Hypospadias is a common

  2024-12-02

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in males, in which the urethral orifice is found on the ventral side of the penis as a result of incomplete fusion of urethral folds. The mean prevalence in per 10,000 live births from 1910 to 2013 were: Europe 19.9,

• Previously several genes such as cytokine Lyu and

  2024-12-02

  

  Previously, several genes such as cytokine (Lyu and Park, 2007), cell motility-associated genes (Schotterl et al., 2017), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), TGF-β receptor II which is a cell surface receptor with serine/threonine kinase activity (Jiang et al., 2014, Schotterl et al., 2017), cell

• br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion

  2024-12-02

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Major depressive disorder is among the leading causes of disability worldwide (Vos et al., 2015). One of the major causal or exacerbating factors of depression is long term stress or psychological trauma (Liu and Alloy, 2010). Dysregulation of the

• br Conflicts of interest br Contributors br Introduction

  2024-12-02

  

  Conflicts of interest Contributors Introduction Lipid oxidation and enzymatic activities are some of the most significant problems in the food industry. These reactions lead to changes in chemical composition which in turn reduce the quality and shelf life of food products. Most of the anti

• Therefore we have further investigated the

  2024-12-02

  

  Therefore, we have further investigated the anti-oxidant activity of isogarcinol in vitro by measuring the scavenging of 2,2′-diphenyl-1-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bia (3-ethylben-zothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS), and determining its reducing power and ability to prevent lipid peroxi

• Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its

  2024-12-02

  

  Despite the absence of disulfide bonds in its linear structure, KT43C displays antifungal and antibacterial activity. Disulfide bonds are determinants of defensins' integrity and have been reported to increase the antimicrobial activity (Jenssen et al., 2006). However, some linear derivatives of AMP

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Fluorescent an

  2024-12-02

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Fluorescent Z-YVAD-FMK have helped researchers to elucidate antibiotic MOA and off-target interactions, to screen for new antibiotics, to detect antibiotics in the environment, to track antibiotic uptake throughout cells and organisms, and to detect bac

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