• Breast Cancer Although androgens have been considered to be

  2024-12-27

  

  Breast Cancer: Although androgens have been considered to be a risk factor in prostate cancer they have been recommended to treat breast cancers. Even before the discovery of SERMs and aromatase inhibitors, steroidal androgens such as medroxyprogesterone and fluoxymesterone were used to treat breast

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Amyloid deposit formation

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  Acknowledgments Introduction Amyloid deposit formation is defined by the aggregation of β-sheeted forms of proteins that appear as starch-like amorphous material [1], [2]. Using a Kongo red stain, amyloids show birefringence behavior and an apple-green to reddish multicolor emission. Extracere

• br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Introduction Over

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  Acknowledgments and Disclosures Introduction Over the last decade, the most visible strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been amyloid β peptide (Aβ) immunotherapy (reviewed in [1]). Although the first efforts with Aβ immunotherapy failed to complete clinical trials [1],

• Several enzymes in serine and glycine metabolism have been p

  2024-12-27

  

  Several enzymes in serine and glycine metabolism have been proposed as biomarkers for cancer stage and prognosis. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), and serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) levels are high in TNBC and low in luminal-A breast cancers (Kim et a

• AR is an enzyme involved in conversion of

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  AR is an enzyme involved in conversion of glucose into sorbitol using NADPH as a cofactor [46]. This AR polyol pathway generates sorbitol accumulation and NADPH depletion. NADPH participates in detoxification via glutathione (GSH) reductase pathway [47]. Therefore, reduction of NADPH attenuates remo

• Growing evidence indicates that GRKs

  2024-12-27

  

  Growing evidence indicates that GRKs can exert different effects within the cell depending on the stimulus, cell type, and localization [97], [121]. In this sense, we were the first to demonstrate a mitochondrial localization for GRK2 [122], later confirmed by other investigators [123], establishing

• In order to get a better understanding of this

  2024-12-26

  

  In order to get a better understanding of this synergy, we tested the effect of preliminary incubation of stephen ure with non-stimulating concentrations of gonadotropins or FSK before subsequent stimulation by FSK or gonadotropins alone, also at sub-stimulating concentrations. We observed that hum

• Ornithine aminotransferase inhibitor Whereas more research i

  2024-12-26

  

  Whereas more research is needed to identify the precise mechanism by which FIN exerts its antidyskinetic effect, the Ornithine aminotransferase inhibitor that it can negatively modulate dopaminergic transmission is also supported by our previous findings. Indeed, we have previously shown that FIN c

• With regard to the first

  2024-12-26

  

  With regard to the first question, subcellular fractionation studies revealed that BDK and PPM1K are clearly detectable in both the mitochondrial and cytosolic subcellular fractions, thus making it possible for these enzymes to interact with both the BCKDH and ACL substrates. The preferential presen

• Recent studies have demonstrated significant

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  Recent studies have demonstrated significant cross-talk between XRCC1 (a key player in 5 03 excision repair (BER) and single strand break repair) and DDR [30], [31], [32]. ATM and DNA-PKcs are known to be involved in the phosphorylation of XRCC1 to promote BER [30], [31]. We have recently shown tha

• br Acknowledgements We would like to thank Dr Thomas

  2024-12-26

  

  Acknowledgements We would like to thank Dr. Thomas Blanpied, Sai Sachin Divakaruni, Dr. Helmut Kessels, Feline Lindhout, Dieudonnée van de Willige, and all members of the MacGillavry lab for discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by NWO (ALW-VENI 863.13.020, A

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgments The authors extend

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  Conclusion Acknowledgments The authors extend their appreciation to Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University for funding this work through the research project Number (G-2016-2). Introduction L-ornithine is a natural

• Mitochondria are key organelles involved in

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  Mitochondria are key organelles involved in the mechanism of apoptosis (Xiong et al., 2014), and loss of ΔΨm is an important marker associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. We found that Mino induced ΔΨm impairment and nuclear fragmentation in Jurkat CU CPT 22 synthesis in a concen

• In order to further explore whether

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  In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 Losartan drug interactions is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activ

• In glucose stimulated pancreatic cells B

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  In glucose-stimulated pancreatic β-cells, B-Raf activity is increased, while Raf-1 activity is under the detection limit (Duan and Cobb, 2010). Thus, B-Raf is the primary protein kinase involved in the rapid activation of ERK1/2 in glucose-treated pancreatic β-cells. Expression of a dominant-negativ

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