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aa2414 Despite the weak and transient nature
2019-08-15
Despite the weak and transient nature of E2–E3 interactions, this binding is required for the transfer of ubiquitin to the substrate. The low affinity characteristics of this interaction may be due to the fact that E2s use the same surface to interact with E1s and E3s, and hence while binding to an
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br Patients and Methods Patients
2019-08-15
Patients and Methods Patients who had been initiated on a DPP-4 inhibitor (see in the online version at doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.06.002) between April 2012 and June 2017, when the common threshold for dose adjustment for all non-linagliptin DPP-4 inhibitors was a creatinine clearance (CrCl) l
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In the present study we used linagliptin one of
2019-08-15
In the present study, we used linagliptin, one of the commercially available DPP-4 inhibitors, because it has more long-lasting inhibition of DPP-4 activity than other drugs of this class. We hypothesized that linagliptin may interact with intercellular components, not only with DPP-4 on the plasma
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br Other factors regulating DNA
2019-08-15
Other factors regulating DNA-PKcs Recent work in the field has also focused on factors that regulate NHEJ and NHEJ factors, in particular proteins that modulate DNA-PKcs. In this section we will highlight a number of factors which have been found to regulate DNA-PKcs. DNA-PKcs phosphorylation at
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Primases are classified into two major groups first the
2019-08-15
Primases are classified into two major groups: first, the DnaG primases, found in bacteria and bacteriophages, and second, the archaeoeukaryotic primases. Remarkably, bacterial and archaeoeukaryotic primases have no structural similarity and, presumably, evolved independently (Leipe et al., 1999). T
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In this review focusing on biocatalyst formate
2019-08-15
In this review, focusing on biocatalyst “formate dehydrogenase FDH” catalyzing both of the formic selective estrogen receptor modulators oxidation to CO2 and the CO2 reduction to formic acid, representative examples of properties, types, structure of active-site of FDH and, reaction mechanism of fo
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Functional studies suggested the presence of
2019-08-15
Functional studies suggested the presence of a cysLT1 receptor. We observed an LTD4-induced cytosolic calcium response, albeit one that was very weak by most standards. The magnitude of the average response was partially explained by the low percentage of Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (2 Tubes, 100
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Khan et al investigatedAnomalin a pyranocoumarin constituent
2019-08-15
Khan et al. investigatedAnomalin 44, a pyranocoumarin constituent of S. divaricata, which exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity. The anomalin 44 dose-dependently inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7
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Although it remains an unsettled issue
2019-08-15
Although it remains an unsettled issue, evidence favors that the endothelin ETA ae3 may play a more important pathological role. While both endothelin ETA and ETB receptors are found in most tissues, endothelin ETA receptor is the predominant receptor responsible for the vasoconstricting and mitoge
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P has three subfamilies CYP
2019-08-15
P450 has three subfamilies (CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3), which contribute largely to the oxidative biotransformation of xenobiotics that include most drugs, dietary chemicals, and environmental pollutants. The CYP1 enzymes have great importance in the bioactivation of mutagens and its isoforms are capabl
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In vivo study showed that the CYP A
2019-08-15
In vivo study showed that the CYP3A activity was increased, when morroniside (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg, i.g.) was daily for seven consecutive days. Further, RT-PCR analysis showed that the induction of mRNA scr 11 in by morroniside (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg, i.g.) was 1.13-, 1.43- and 1.79-fold higher, respec
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br Material and methods br Results br Discussion br
2019-08-15
Material and methods Results Discussion Conclusions To conclude, although CPT2 and CPT1 must have co-evolved to establish the carnitine shuttling, these enzymes are the most distantly related carnitine transferases, split early in evolution, during which a switch occurred in their locati
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br Structure and function of
2019-08-14
Structure and function of EPAC isoforms EPACs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 [9]. There are two mammalian EPAC isoforms, EPAC1 and EPAC2 1, 2 (Figure 1). Whereas EPAC1 displays a wide tissue distribution, the expression of EPAC2 is more restr
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DNA methylation is associated with transcriptional silencing
2019-08-14
DNA methylation is associated with transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressors or other genes important for normal cellular function and plays an important role in the development of cancer and other diseases (such as breast and colorectal cancers) [19]. DNA methyltransferases (MTases) are a fami
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The members in apple are similar in number to the
2019-08-14
The 8 members in apple are similar in number to the 7 in Arabidopsis and the 8 in rice, but fewer than the 10 found in mammalian species. GenBank numbers have also been reported for DGK homologues from tomato (AW035995), maize (AY106320), wheat (BT009326), a Populus cross (BU828590), grape (CB981130
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